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7 hi .WUs-e-l ' v - ...v1v'fclcVltaa '5 V" j VOL. 2. RALEIGH, N. C, WEDNESDAY, JULY 24. 1867. None. t Pfilt ' 111 P ill I.. , , .6.11 IJv A II I TUB-SENTINEL. MESSAGE OK THE PRESI 1) E N T To 0 Jfoutnf lieprctrntnlitet of the Unite.1 .Hbif.-i.- J return herewith Iho i 1 1 entitled "An tc siq p'cmeniary t an act entitle.'! "Ansi t Ui proviii lr tuauiorc efficient govern mcnt of the reliel States," pssseri on the 2d. day of March, 187, am! the ai t supplemcn tr thereto, passed on the 2:til. day ol March, 187, ami will ytate a briefly ait possible some ol the reasons which prevent me from (firing il my approval. Till Uune o! a aerie of measure" passed by Oongrea during the I ant four month m the subject of reconstruction. The mess age returning the act ol the inri. of Maich last atalea at length my objection to the passage of that measure. They apply cqual ly well tt the bill now before me. an. I I am content merely to refer to them, ami to le iterate mjr eoiivietiou thiit tlu-y are sound end unanswerable. There are some N)iiiU peculiar to this hill which I will proceed at one to consider: The llrst section proposes to declare I he tru inleut aud meaning." in noun- p"''" lurs, of the Uo prior acls upon this sub jert. It U declared that the inlent ol those acts was First, that the existing governments iu the ten "rela-l Stales were not legal State governments, ' and Second, "that thereafter aid governments, il continued, were to lie rontinoed wh)wt in all nperta t I he mil itary eMiaander ol llie rrpUvetlitritU. and to the pariinioiint anlli rit) of Con Kre." N CunKreH may, ly a UUrur act, lis iim a prior act a conntruttioo aUcelher at variance with it" apparent mi aiiin, anl lnui the tlius (t least when such coimlruc tion i fixed the original w't a ill contru ed to mean esaclly what i iate. to mean by the declaiatory t-.tiiie. There will he, then. Iroin the tuse this bill may become a law, no douht no jucation - aa to the rela tion in which thi "e)niiia(,(iovcrniienu" in thoae Slatea, called in the original act "the proriaional jovcrriiiicnt." ataml l. ward, the military aiulioritie. Ah Ihei relatiow atixxl tiefore the declaratory act, tlieae " government!!," it in true, were made auhject to aliaolute military authority in niaoy ituportant respect, but not in all, ttic language ol the act brlii( " ubj,t to the military authority ol the I'nited Statea, i krnaJUr frftailieU.' Uy the sixth na tion j of the original act these Koverninvnta were ' made, " in all reectH) siilijn t to the pura tuouut atithoritj of the t'nitcd 8tatc." Now, by thla declaratory act it apprnra that CongrtK ilid uot, l.v the orixinul ai t. intend to limit the military authority to any particular, or aul.jiicta therein t ' ,rt ai-nlie.!," but meant to make it unlvi rvil Thos am all these ten States thia mililitiy ffoveraruent is now declared to have iinlini- , ited authority. It is no lonuer contim .l to j the preservation ol the public icuor. the I admtnUtration of criminal law, the n-gia ( tral ion ot voters, and the snperintendem of elections, but " in all reHMH-ts " it i a surted to be paramount to the exiatiut; civil : governmenla It ia unpuaaibU to . etuwuive auy stale of i society more intolerable than thin, mid t , it is to this condition that twelve inilli"in ol American citiwna are reduced by the Coafrreaa of the United Ulates. Over en ry I foot of the imuienae territory la cupied by i tlieae American citirna, the Constittitimi I of the ITnited Stati-s is theoretically in lull operation. It hinds all the people there. ' madahould protect them, vet they arc de- "iiel eeery one of its sacred guarantees. Of what avail will it be to any one of , iheaa HouUiem people, . when a. i.cd bv a tile ol sold iers, to ank for the cnuae of ar I rest, or lor the production of the warrant ' i Of what avail to ask for the privilege of bail Whoa in military custody, which knows no such thing as bai! ? Of what avail to demand a trial by jury, process for witness " ea, a copy lor the indictment, the privilege of counsel, or that greater privilege, the writ of Ikabtat cornit t The veto of the original act of the 2d ol March wa baaed on two distinct gr . -the Interference of Congress in matters atrktly appertaining to the reserved pow er of the Btatea. and the establishment of military tribunals for the trial of citirent in times of peace. The impartial reader ol that meaeage will understand that all it contains with respect to military dinpotiwn and Martial law has reference cieciariy to t ie (earful power conferred on the district unmanderi to displace the criminal courts " and asaume jurisdiction to try and to pirn tabby military boards; that, potentially, the suspension of abeai corpus was martial law ana military despotism. The act now fcefore me not only declares that the intent was to confer such military authority, hut aim f enter unlimited military authority . Aver all the other courts of the State, and over H the offices of the Statelegislative, iecnttve, and judicial. Kot content with the general grant ol power, Coognwa, In the second section of this bill, specifically gives to each military commander ue power "ui suspenu or re move from office, or from the performance of official ditties and the exercise of orlicial power, any officer or perrxm bidding or i x ercising, or prolussing to hold and exercise --avUni nilUtaTtiif18cor duty in such district, under any power, election, appoint menl, "M aqthority derivetl Irotn, or granletl by. or Halmeti Ulldef any ao-called Stale or the government thereof, or any municipal or other division thereof." A power thut hitherto all the departments f the Federal orernment, aeting In cou -cert or separately, have not dared to exer else, i here attempted to te conferred on a auhordinate military officer. To him, us a military officer of the Federal flovernnient, it given the power, supported by "a siilli Stent military ft.fce," to remove every civil officer of tin Bute. What next The di Vision eummauiler who has thus deMsed a civil oflioer i to.BII tlie vacancy ty me oe- tail of an officer or soldier of the army, or by the apMlntmrut ol "some other person." The military appointee, whether an officer, soldier, ar "soma other person," ia to per- form ,h dutle of such officer or person so enflajniled or removed., la other words an AlBoer or soldier of the army i thu trans formed into civil officer. He may be - .' tiwht geawnwr, a 4rgiator,-r judge. jfefawavai unfit ha may deem himaelf for such civil duties, h must iibcj the order.- That upon the supreme bench ol the Stats with Mb seme prompt obedience It be were de tailed to go noon a court martial. The soldier; If detailed U act as a justice of the peace, inustolH'y as ipiichly us if he were detailed for picket duly. What ia the character nl such a military civil officer 1 This bill declares that he shall terform the duties of the civiToflice to which le is detailed. It is clear, however, that he does not hwe his position in the military service. He is still an officer or soldier of the armv ; he is still subject to the rules and regulations v. Iii. 'i govern il, and must yield due deferem e, r'Hect, and olaydience to wauls Lis siiH riors. The clear intent ol this section is that the officer or soldier de tailed to fill a civil office must execute his duties srriirdiiiK to the laws ol the State. If he is appointed a Uovernor ol a State, he is to execute the duties aa provided by the laws of that State, and lor the time be ing his military character ia to le suspended in his new civil rapacity. Il he is appointed a State Treasurer lie must at ouce assume the custixly and disbursement of the funds ol the State, and must perlorm thoae duties precisely according to the liiws of Iho State; for he is iutrtKled with no otlier official duty or otlier official power. Holding the office of Treasurer and intrusted with funds, it hsppctm that lie is required by the Slate laws to enter into bond with security, and to take an oath "I otliee, yet from the la-gin niug of the bill to llie end there ih no pro vision lor any bond or oath ol office, or for any ninyle iptiilihVjition reipiired under the State law, such ns residence, citizenship, or anything cine. The only oath is that provi dcil lor in the ninth section, by the terms ol which every one detailed is "to take an I tie siibscril"- tin-oath of otliee prescribed by law for olliivrs l the 1'uited States." Thus an officer of the aiuiv of the I'nited Stales, detailed to till a civil office in one or these Htati s, give" no official bond and takis no official oath for the performance of his new duties as a civil officer of the Sate ; only tiikci the uuie 0:1th w hich he I'ol already taken as a military officer of the 1'iiited Slati. He i, at least, a military officer M'rlruiiug civ il duties, and the authority under which he acts i- Federal authority on Iv ; anil the inevitable result i, th.it llie Federal tjovernmcnt. by the agency of its own sworti ulliierH, in effect, oruiiic the civil government ol the States. A singular ontradiction is apparent acre Congress declares these haal State govern incuts to Ik- illegal governments, and then provides that these illegal governments shall lie carried on lv public officers, who are to perform the very duties imxsed on its own oilie r by this illegal State author ity. It certainly would las a novel specta cle il Congress should attempt to carry on a Uijttl State government tiy the agency ot its ow n otiiccis. It is yet more strange that ('onifrcss attempts to sustain and carry on an itleij'il State government by the same Federal agencv. In this connection 1 must call attention to the 10th and llth sections of the bill, which prov ide that none of the officers or appointees of these military commanders, ' shall la- bound in his action by any opin ion of any civil officer ot the United States," and that uM tin-provisions of the act "shall be constructed literally to the end, that all the intents then nl may be billy and HTtectly rarried out." It secnn thai Congress supposed that this loll miilit lopiirc count ruction, and they lin n t 'le. the rub-ur la- applied. Hut where i-. the eon-ttuctioti to come from? t'cit.i.nlv lei one can la- more in want of ins me ' ioo th.in a soldier or an officer ot the aimv detailed for a civil service; with the lulled ol ho h, pel h ips the most ilnpoi t uo, i:i i -M .tc he is altogether untamiliar. This loll savs he shall not le laund, in his action, bv tl pinion of any civil offi cer of the I'mlid States. The duties of the otliee are altogether civil , I Hit when he asks for an opinion he can only ask the upinion of another military officer, who, pi-limp-, hh h r.t,inU as little of bis duties, a- he docs hiuisi II ; ami as to lis "action," he is ansneral'le to the military authority atcHK'. Strii-Uy uo opinion "f any civil otli eer. otlier than a judge, has a binding force. But tlieae military appoiiitis:-a would not Ix iHiund even by a juw i d opinion. They might very Weil say, even w hen the ir ac tion is in conflict w ith ib- Snpretne Court of the I iiited Slates, "that court is com posed of civil officers of the I'nited Slates, anil we are not bound to conlorm out ac tion to any opinion of uny such authority This bill and the acts to which if is sup plenientary are all founded upon i.i. as sumption that the ten c iiniunit ies arc to I States, and lli.it i'.n u 'existing governments ure not l gal. Throughout the legislation upon this subject they arc called "rebel States," and ill this particular bill they are denominated "so-called Stales," and the vice of illegality 'is 'declared to pervade all of them The obligations of consisten cy bind the legislative body a well us the individuals who compose it. It is now too late to say that these ten politicul i null nities are not States of this I nion Declarations to the contrary, made in these acts, are contradicted again and again by the re'iile.l sets ol legislation again by Conttrees from tint year JSC! to 1SU7.. During that (mtioiI, whilst thoae Stales were iu active rebellion, and alter that n lx llion was brought to aclose.llmy have been again and again recognized as Slates of the 1'iiion. lie present at ion has been apportioned to them as Slates. They have leen divided into judicial districts for the holding of dis tiict and circuit courts of the I'nited Stales, as States of the l uion only can be dislri billed. The last act on this subject was passed .lulv lMtlll, bv which every one of these tell Slates was arranged into districts and circuits. They have been called upon by Congress to act through their legislatures iiimii at bust two aiucuifincnts to the Con stitutiori of the I'nited States. As States they have ratified one amendment, which iciiiired the vote of twenty -seven States ot the thirty six then composing the Union. When the requisite twenty seven voles were given in favor of that amendment- seven of which votes were given by soveu ol tlieae ten States it was proclaimed to be a part of the Constitution ol the United Stales, and slavery was declared not longer to exisl in the United States or any place subject to their jurisdiction. If these seven iJUtea were, uot legal Slates ol the Union, it follows as the inevitable eonsexpienee'thnt in some of the States tlavery yet exists. It diara not exist in these seven States, for they have abolished it also iu their own state consti tutions j but Kentucky not having done so, it would (till remain in that State, liut, in truth, il this assumption these States have j,0 legal State govenucnU le true, then tb abolition of slavery by these illegal govern ments binds no one, for Congress now ie vieato tbeae 8at :tb power to abolish slavery by denying to tbem' tbe "IpbwVrf "to"' elect leg' State legislature, or to frame constitution for any purpose, even for such a purpose as the aboiltiou of slavery. As to the otlier constitutional amendment having reference to suffrage, it happens that these States have not accepted it. The consequence is, that it has not been pro clairaeii'or titi'l. .a.ood, ecn hvCongieas, to be a part of the Constitution ol the I'nited States. The Senate ot ttlc I'nited States h-n n pea'edlv given Us sanction to the ap pointment of judges, district attorneys, and marshals for every one ot these States; and yet, it they are not legal States, not one ot these judges is authorized to hold a court. So, too, both Houses of Congress have pssaed appropriation bills to pay all thise judges attorneys, anil olliecra if the United States, for exercising their functions iu these State. Apnin, irt the machinery of the in ternal revenue laws, all of these States nu dist ricted not as "territories," but as "Slates". So much for continuous legislative recog nition. The instances cited, however, fall far short of all thut might la- enumerate. 1. Executive recognition, ss is well known, has been frequent and unwavering. The same may Is? said as to judicial recognition, through the Supreme Court of the United States. That august tribunal, from lirsi to last, in the administration ol its duties in due anil upoo the circuit, has never failed to recognise these ten coimiiuuilics as legal States ol the Union. The cases di pending in that Court upon appeal ami w rit of it ror from these Statr'Sj when the reln-llion In gun, have not bi-en dismissed upon any idea of the cessation of jurisdiction. They were carefully continued from term toterui until the reln-llion was entirely subdued and peace re established, and they were called for argument and consideration as if no in surreetion had intervened. New c-ises, oc eurring since the tels llion, have come from these States before that court hi vvi it of error and appeal, and veil by original suit, where only a State can bring such a suit. Tlieae cases are enteilaincd by that liiim-i il in the exercise of its acknou le.lged juris diction, which could not attach to them it they hail come from any political body other Ihaji a Slate of the Union Finally, in the allotment of their circuits, nude by judges at the Deci-ml-r erin, lxii'i. every one of tlieae States is put oil the same footing ot legality with all the other Stales ol the Union. Virginia and North Carolina, la ing s part of the Fourth Circuit, an- allotted b the Chief Justice. Siiiilh Carolina, lieo: gia, Alabama. Mississippi, and l'loiid i con slituted the Fifth Circuit, and was shotted to the late Mr. Justice Waine. Louisiana. Arkansas and Texas are allotted to the llth Judicial circuit, a to which then- i- a va cancy on the liench. The Chief .lost ice. in the exercise of bis duties, has recently held a Circuit Court in the Stale ot North Carolina. It North Car olina is not a State of this Union, the Chief Justice had no authority to hold a Court there, and every order, judgment, and de cree rendered by him in that Court were coram nn juUce, and void. Another ground on which these recon HtructiiMi acts arc attempted to be Mistained is this : That these ten Stales are conquered territory: that the constitutional relation in w hich they stood as Stales toward the Fed eral Uovernmcntjirior to the rebellion has given place to a new relation ; that this ter ritory is a conquered country, and their cit i.ens a conquered people ; and that in this new relation, Congress cart govern them by military power. A tille by conquest stundsou clear ground. It is a new title acquired by war. It ap plies only to territory ; for goods or moiea Ide things regularly captured' in war are culled "booty," or if taken by individual soldiers, "plunder." There is not tool ot land in any one ot these ten States which the I nitnl States holds by conquest, save only such land -a did not Ix long to either of these Slater .?r ' to any imlivulual owner. I mean such lands as did belong to the iireten.bxl irovcrument vailed tlui f imtc4-i- ate Sle.tes. Tliese luuds we may claim to hold bv conquest. As to all other land or territory, whether Ixaongiug to the Slates m to individiialH. the Federal Government bus t now no mi-re title or right to it than it had ' before the rdlioii. Ou r mil f u Is. arsenals, nuv v ards, cu-stom -housu,, und other Fuo- ersl prorly siluale in these Slates, we now hold, not by the till. Ifl i pnst, but by our old tith cqilired I'.V purchase or con t demuatiuu :..r public use w it iis-uuiiensrtt ton to former ow ners , .' . i.ai. ot conquered these place , bin nliy e . ,;,iji. 're possesix-d" i them. 11 wc require mote sites lor forts. custoii: 1. oose, in- i':, l public Use, we must I acquire the title to them by purchase or up propriation in the regular mode. At this , moment the United States, in the acquisition j ot sites lor national cemeteries in those States, acquires title iu llie same why. Tim Federal Courts sit in Court Houses owned or leased by the United Stales, not in the court houses ol the States. The United . Slates pays each ol these States tor the u-e ol Its jaiis. Finally, the I nit.. I Slabs lev- , ies its'direct taxes and its internal revenue UMn tlie projxTty in those States, including j the pnxlnctions of the lands within their I territorial limits not by way of levy and j contribution in the character ot a conqueror, bnt in the regular way of taxation, under the same laws which apply to all the other . States of the Union. j From first to last, during the rebellion and since, the title of eueh of these States to the lands and public buildings owned by them has never Ix-cn disturbed, and not a bxit ot it has ever Ix-eii acquired by the i United Slates even under a title by con li sea ralion, and not a foot of it has ever been taxed under lederal law. In conclusion I must respectfully ask the i attenttvrft Congees, to the ivusiih-iatiiftr j of one more question arising under this ' bill. It vists iu the military commander, subject only to the approval of the General id tlie army of the United States, an unlim ited power to remove from office any civil or military officer in each of these ten Stales, and the further power, subject to the same approval, to detail or appoint tiny military officer or soldier of the United States to lerlortu the duties of the officer so removed, and to till all vacancies occasioned in those States by death, resignation or otherwise. The military appointee thus required to perform the duties ol a civil office according to the laws of thu State, and as such re quired to take an oath, is, for the time being, a civil officer. What w his character ? Is he a civil officer of the State or civil officer ot the United States i If he is a civil officer of the State, where i the Federal power, under our Constitution, which authorizes hi appointment by any Federal officer f If, bowever, "he i to be considered a civil officer of the United Btatea, as his appoint ment and oath would seem to indicate, when ia the authority for his appointment vested, by the Constitution ! The power of tiormiin State, ctvil or military', where not provided or in the Constitution, is vested in the President, by and with tW advice and eoli seiil of the Senate, with this exception that Congress may by Taw vest the appoint inent of such interior' officers ss they think proper in the President alone, in the court of hie. in the heads of Departments, fin- ' - i I these are to be considered Int'i nor i'!lic r . within the meaning-of the Consi i! nl em. does not provide for their appointment by the President alone, or the courts nT law, or by the heads of depart ments, but vests the appointment in one subordinate executive officer, subject to the approval i t another sulKirdinate executive officer. So that If we put this question and lix the diameter of the military apHiintee either wav, this provision of the bill is equally opposed to the Constitution. Take the case ol a soldier or officer ap pointed to perform the office of judge In one of these Slates, und as such to admin ister the proper luwsof the State. Where is the authority to la found in the Consti tution for vesting in a military or an execu tive otlieer sltii I judicial functions to la? exercised under State law I It has been again and again decided by the Supreme Court of tie United States, that aits of Congres which have attempted to vest ex ecutive powers in the judicial courts, or judge (j! the United States, sre not war ranted bv the Constitution. If ( 'iingress cannot clothe a judge w ith j hu rt Ly evecittive duties, how call they clot he an ollieer or soldier of the anuv with j judicial duties over citizens nf the I'nited 1 Mute- vlio arc not in the military or naval . st-rvlie' too, it has been repeatedly j decided that Congress i annot require a State ollii 1 1, eei utivc or judicial, to pi r J form :iim dut enjoined upon him by a law j ..I the United States. How. then, can Con el. s- i onli I power upon all executive otfi - r ot' the United Slati s to pcrtorni such ; duties in a r-'rate' If Congress could not I i t in a U Igc of one ii' lln-se States any I judicial authority under the United States, bv ilit'itl i li.i.t tmcltt, how call it uccoiii 'li-h lie- Hinie thhig imlireiTly, by reinov nig the State judge and putting an officer of t he I nited States in bis place: fa me the-e considerations are conclusive of I he coii-t il iilioualit v of this part of the l-ill iioa hi tore inc. and I earnestly com liieud their ciiilsi.lci ul ion to the delilierate judgnii nt o Cougrc-s. 1 1 h i n a period lc!.s than a year the legis lation of t ingress has uMeinptcd to strip the ee-uiie department of the Oovern in. nt J .nine ol its essential powers. The Constitution arid the oath provided in it dev. ilve upon the President the power and I .1... a..... . . I.... .1.. '..:.!. i. .li me inn in -e mat iiic laws uic miiuiuliy ( vented. The Constitution, in oriler to carry out this power, gives him the choice ol the agents, and makes them subject to Ins control and supervision. Hut in the ex ecution ol these laws the constitutional ob ligation ol the President remains, but the power) to exercise that Constitutional duty i- eil'cetiially taken away The military comtuati.ler is, as to the power of appoint ment, iiiadr to take the place of the Presi dent, m n . I the general of the army the place nl t,!ii. Senate, and any attempt on the part ot tjie President to assert his own Consti tutional powi rmii)', under pretence of law, be met by official insubordination. It is to be teat, i lli it these military officers, look ing to the authority given bv these laws, rather than to the letter of the Constitution, will n . .gnie uo authority but the com mander of the diMrict and the general of tin army II thirc were no oilier ohjirtiou than this to this pri'iTi-seil li-tnslnttun if would be sof-ti.-'u nt utl-t I In ! I tin-chief executive 4 ii 1 1 1 1 1 1 - i I tin- United Mates, whilst the oMlo'i'ion rr-st upon me to see that all the law- arc laithluliv evicuted, I can never w illingiy - u te,, r that ti u-t. or the pow ymu i..r i s execution. 1 c itt in vit Live mv as.-4-ut to le- made iion-ibl." lort'u- taitlitul execution of laws nn-r-at and tl he same lime aetrrender thai trust pom rs winch accompany it in any olio r i xci utile c.Jic r, liigli or low. or to nn- iiu:nb-r ot exi cunve nlbecrx If this Kieeiiiive Iron, v.abil In the Con stitution iu the I'n snleiii. is in lie taken troin loin and vested in x subonlinate officer, the rinuxiHMhiliiy wi.l tx wuli i.xjugies in i utility li'- mu Iiuatc arli uiui.n-tilu- I tonal siiiin - anil with the otlieer who as i i-e. Tliis mii-rtcri'iK-e with i t Ill Del ; ; a i lie t ... a is tiot tin tion il authority ul Mie Kxisrutivc is an evil that will inevitably a .1 . n. of our e I. r il system, but iv.nsi el! nl tins legislation. It is a gli al public w rong to take lioili the President powers content'. 1 upou him alone b the constitution, but the wrong is more Ibigi tint and more dangerous when tlie pow ers so taken from the President are cooler led tij.on subordinate i xecutiieollicers, aud especially up m military officers. Over Win ly one third ul the States ot the Union military power, regulated by no fixed law, Miles supreme. Uai h one ol these tile district commander.-., though not chosen bi the people or re-spiiu-ihlc to them, exercises at this hour iiiore cxecutiic power, military and cii il, than t Ui people have ever Ix-cn willing to eoutcr upon the head of thu executive .den-art ment, though ehowen by and responsi ble to themselves. The remedy must come lii H II the people themselves. I'hel know what it is. and how it is to be applied. At tin- present time they cannot, according to the Coli-t it ut ion. repeal these laws; tlicv c atniot remove or coot ml hi military des pot ism. The remedy, nevertheless, is in their hands; il is tn be found iu the ballot, and is a sure one. if not controlled by fraud, nvcraweil by arbitrary power, or from apa thy on Ikeir pari loo long yh hiic.1. With abiding eonliileiice in iltc-ir' pittrioihtm, wb loin, and integrity,! tun still hopeful of I he till me. .in. I that in tlie en. I the rod id ill spotisiu n ill be broken, the armed rule of poner be lilted from the necks of the people, and the principles of a violated Constitul iou preserved. AXDIIEW JOHNSON. Ik V ISIIIM N, I) C July 111, ISiiT. A pussi ngei from Foil !!, nl.m explains bow lieiu ral Me.ighef came to Ix drowned. He win engaged in a quarrel on the afler n on ol llie Isl tiiHlaiit with an liishman who Ittid insulted him. Kxciteuicnt seemed to have rendered the General delirious, and ut 10 o'clock P. M. lie stole from his ld and fell overbiutril. Scurch Mus ma hi for his body, but at last accounts it had not la-en recovered. Sumner complained, in the Senate, last Saturday, that Congress hsdn't boeti Kadlcal enough. It would be just as reasonable to complain that the devil isn't wicked enough. LucYIica in bed, and wisue tbepoetmao would uring bim new of a legacy. Itxir tutus cot, at ix, 'c4tMk with btisy- pen or ringing hammer, lay the fiiuqdation of a competency. From Chambers' Journal irMr m do ry run ' irK.WTrxR? It ha lfen frequently remarkd by a philosopher ot our acquaintance, whose only fault is impracticability, that in lile there, is Iml one real difficulty; this is simply - what to do in the meantime ' The thesis requirm no demonst ration '. It comes home to the exierieiK'c of every man wTio hears it uttered. From the chimney puis to the cellars of society, great and small, scholars and clowns, all classes ol strugs gling humanity are paintullv alive to lis truth. The men to whom the question is ple-cniim-ully embarrassing are those wie have either pecuniary cxpcctamfH or po-. talents of aonie particular kind, mi w host recognition by others their material pros perity dcieuds. It may lie laid down as a general axiom, in such cases, that the worst thing a man can do is to ir.ti'r, and the best thing he cun do is to -zwi ; that is In say, that in nine cases out. of ten, doing aome thing has a great advantage over doing nothing Such au assertion would appear a mere obvious truism, and one requiring neither proof nor illustration, were it not grievously palpable to the student of the great liook of life the unwritten biograph ical dictionary of the world - that an oppo site system is too often preferred und adopted hv the unfortunate victims of this "condition it eyi tyUi.lv qucition," so clear I v proposed, sud in count less ill-tanees so inefficiently and ir.di finitely au.-Mer.it, In multiply di-inal example?, ol -u. h sad eases of pisiple ruined, Mailed. Slot in a la ricij ot w ays I'carlully cniban i sed and tor Ulellteil .lining the plnccvs nl cxp. ct'ition, hi the policy of cowaidlv slotl or feeble hexitixltoo, might ititlcfsl "point, a Haioat." but would siHicelv "adorn a talc' ft is doubtless an uiliautagc to know I,,., to avoid errors, but it is deeidedty a notch greater advantage to h-aro piactical truth. I We shall, theiclore, h ave the , lark mle i.l the argument with lull coniidence l., the memoriiM, experenee, and imagitiaiious of j our readers, and dwell rather as both a more salutarv and interesting con-i.leratioii ; on the brighter side, in ca-x-s ol success ful repai tee to the grand query, which inn' limited x.-sonsl observation has enabled US to collect. Ilcsides, there is nothing at tractive or exciting alsiul inlelleclual in ertia. The contrast between active u-sist ance and passive endurance is that between a machine at rest and a machine in motion. Who that visited the Great Exhibition can have failed to remark the dilfen-nee ol interest aroused iu the two esses ? What else cause the preambulating dealer in arti ficial spiders suspended from threads to command so g eat a patronage from the ju venile population of I'aris and London ? What else constitutes the superiority ol an advertising van over a stationary poster ( What sells Alexander Dumas' novels, and makes a balloon ascent sncli favorite spec, tacle f "Work, man ' "said the philosopher; "hast thou not all eternity to rest iu (" And to irwrX, according to Mill's "Political Kconomy," is to i-e ; therefore perpetual motion is the great ideal problem of me chanicians. The first case in our museum is that ot a German officei. He was sent to the coast of Africa on an exploring expedition, through the agency of the jmrti j'retrr, or Jesuit party in France, with whose machin ations agaiust Louis l'hlllip 's government he had liecome accidentally acquainieit The Jesuits, finding him opposed to their plans, determined to remove him from the scene of action. Ia consequence of this do termination, il so happened that the cap tain of the vessel in which he went out set sail one line morning, leaving our friend on shoir to the ws icty and care of the native negro population. His black acquaintances for some time treated him w ith marked civ ility ; but as the return of the ship became more and more problematical, familiarity fx-gaii lo breed its irxrraf progeny, and the unhappy German found himself in a most painful position. Hitherto he had not been treated with actual disrespect ; but when King Iiocca-Itoccii one ilsy cut him iu the most unequivocal manner, he found him self so utterly neglected, that the sensation ot being a nobody a nobody too amongst niggers '. for the moment completely over came him. A feeble ray of hope was ex cited shortly afterwards in hi" ile'pon Ii nl heart by a hint galhered from the -i. n marie by the negro in whose hut he lived, that a project was entertained in hi :h quarters ot giving him a coatot lamp blie-k. and selling him a s.uve ; but this idea vi abandoned by its originators, possibly l .i want of opportunity to carrv it out. Now . our ailveillurer bad obsi neit that .. I.uig as he had u charge of guiixiw.ii h-it t.. give away, the black men had al io.-t i shipped him as mi incarnation .1 ' li. x i t , i . . Jumlxi adored by their laiher-i I;, tl m. on this, it urred to him tlo.t it by any JMissibility , he could colltllle I n .. facture a fresh supply !' the v bu d com modify, hi" fortunes wou'd i.i upn.s lively secure. No sixincr hsd tin- ol t -.ris. n iu hi brain, than, w ith piodiion- p. r. '.. an. c. he proceedisl to wti k -toward its renltm- ration. Tue worst of it w as. tliai he knew ; the native names neither t etiirenal, sul i pbur, nor nitr- No mailer. Ins si.rn vo- , iition was pnxif agsiusl nil lit1ii-iill u s i Having once conveyed his .le.ign to the negroes, he found them eager l. .is-i-,t hnn, though, us dillieuity after ililliciuii urose, il j required sll llie eontidem t courage hiiiI 1 hopeful energy lo control tln ii -1 vagc imps- i tieni'e. Tin lirst liatch wasatailun-, and it was only by pretending that il was yd uu finished he was enabled to trv i seeonil, in ; which he iiihiiipheil over' all obstacles. I When the ncgrixai had really ioiwted tlieir I muskets w ith his powder, and tired them oil ! in celebration of the event, they indeed re j vered the stranger as a superior ami marvel lous Ix'ing. For nearly eightien months the German icinaincd on llie coa--. it was a port rarely visited, and the negroes would mil allow hint to make any attempt to Iran i to a more irequenieu place, l tins tie cou tinned to- make gunpowder for his barbarous friends, and fo lire, according to their no tions, "like a prince;" for to do King Ibx-cn-Bocca justice, when he learned our friend's value, he treated him like a man and a I Hith er. What might have been his late had h ..:... i : i. il. ,i.u.,.....i ... . , y awaited in idle despondency tue arrival ..t TW-:i ii ww, mi ll.KK-s 1-1 1 1 .1 l 1 1 llie licucn, anil urea on reixuleil salvos ,n Ills departure, imunucss nia name w ill .le aceno tttnmgn many a tinsiry gerwration as the teacher of that art which they still prac tice, carrying on a lucrative commerce in gunpowdctw ilh the neiph boring tribes. A sntail aquale chest of goidHlit,r 'wi.kli tba escapes! victim of Jesuit frauit brought back to, Kurotx, wa au matmropriat. mouf uf tb. HkfW duit'avnwai umcv wniis waiting, nowtrTeT KlOtUly, to uu souswuiny sisav We knew another case in point, also con neeteri with the- tsta king of Iba , Vceucb. M. de tl was, oi, the downfall of that luonatcli, in possession of a very handsome pension for past services. The revolution came, ami his iicnsioii was susix-ndcd. His wife was a woman ol energy; she saw that the H-nsion might Ix recovered by making proper icptusLUlatiou in the right quarters; but she also saw that ruinous embarrassment and debt might accrue in the interim Her house was handsomelv furnished - slie had been brought up in the lap of wealth anil luxiiiy She did not hesitate ; she turned her house into a lodging house, sank the lindeol rank, attended to all the duties id sin h a station, and what was the result? Wh ii, at the end o! three years, M. ileO I recovered his pension, he owed uoIxkIv a farthing, and the arrears sufficed to dower one of his daughters alxiut to marry a gen tleman of large fortune, who had become acquainted with her by lodging in their house. Mine, de M s fashionable friends thought her conduct very shocking. But what might have liecome of the family in three years of xjtitioning f Again : one of our most intimate acquain tances was an English gentleman, who, hav ing left the army at the instance of a rich father-in law, had the misfortune subsc quently to offend the irsseible old gentle man so utterly, that the latter suddenly withdrew his allowance ol U 1 ,1)1 Ml per an num, and left our friend to shift for himsell. His own means, never veiy great, were en tirely exhau-ted He knew ttxi well the impractical. le lemrx-r ot his lather in-law to w ate time in attempting to solten him. - He also knew that by bis wile's settlement he should Ix. rich at the death of the old nan. who had already passed his seventieth year. He cmtlri not Ixhtow money, tor he had Ixx'ii severely wounded iu Syria, and tin- insurance offices refused him; but he f,.t a spring ol life and youth within him that in, skid their calculations. lie took t hiugs cheerliillv, and restilveil to work lor his living. He answered uuuuiula-red ad. viTti semen Is, and marie incessant applic tiotis for all s..rts of situations. At length matters came to a crisis: his monev was m arly gone ; time pressed; his wife and child must be supxMted. A seat not in parliament, but uu the Ixn ol an umuibus, w as otfered him He accepted it. The pay was cquii ulcnt to three guineas a week.--It was hard work, but he stuck to it man fully. Not unlreqiiuiitly it wu bis lot to drive gentlemen who had dined at his table and drunk his wine in lormcr days. He never blushed at their recognition; he thought working easier than begging. For nearly ten years he endured all the ups and downs ul omnibus lite. At hut the tough old father in-luw, who, during the whole interval, had never relented, died ; and our hero came into the possession of some t Mil) a year, which he enjoys at this present moment. Suppose he had Isirrowed and drawn bills instead of working those ten yeats, ss many have done who had ex pec taneies before them, where would he have been uu his exit from the Queen's Bench at the expiration ol the x'runl f In the bauds ot the Philistines, ur ol the Jews f I Mir next specimen is that of a now sues cessful author, who, owing to the i-eculiaritv of his style, fell, notwithstanding a rather lashing iltliut, info great difficulty and dis tress. His family withdrew all support, because he nbandnneil the more regular prospis-ts ot the legal profession tor the more ambitious but less certain career o liiciattirc. He tilt that he had the stull iii him lo make a popular writer ; but he was also compcllcri to admit that ihmiu larity was not in his case to Ix- the work of a day. 1 he res tinjitattr tlomi grew closer and closer ; and though not objecting to riis- nense with the suuuoseri necessilv ofdlnimr. tie felt that bread and cheese, iu the literal acceptation of the term, were teally indis pensable to existence, llenee, one day, lie invested his solitary half-crown in the r prtnttng wi HUMiett esnts, aanowncHig that at the "classical and commercial day- school of Mr. , Ac, lining uentlemcii were instructed ia all the branches, &c ior the moderate sum of two shillings weekly. These cards he distributed by tlie agency of the milkman in tlie suburban and souiewhal poor neighborhood, in which he occupied a couple ol rooms at the iiuhIi rate lent ol He viiu shillings weekly. It. was uoi long Ix. tore a lew pupils inailc, one l- one, their iippciir.ince lit the would Ix- ix..l uii.giie's. As they Mete mostly thexonsol jx-ny iiailes tin ii loiind about, he raised no ..1 i.iiiou t Ukili'i i ill their schooling in kin. I and by ih. tin ails cat. it:d at least a sub-i-h nee liil io u. pro-pi ions limes aiiiycd, ued pub li-h.is.li covered Ins lab nl , incriis. Hut ti.rtliis ih i ii c, he uiij-i. not. improbably ' Hi -li.' I' 1 I he late ol i halli lion anil olh - le -- unscrupulous ii lo ,i i . -i.iiiee for (la on aui line" thai ris-k on which o in my an embryo genius . .meters. flic inisiiirtiine ot our next case wmm, imH itiut A abandoned the law, but that the law abandoned him. He was a solicitor iu aii.iuitiy town, where tlu-people acre so little inclined to litigation, in so happv iu not tin. ling cause for it, that he f'ailid from -beer want of clients, ami, as a natural cou scq HiWe-!, betook bitusctt to the metropolis tnat Meu-a ckim Medina of all desperate pil ot bus iu search . of tickle fortuue. There iiis only available Iricird was a pastrycook in a large way of business. It so happened that the man of tarts and jellies was precisely at that cpiM li in want ut a foreman and Ixxik keeM-r, his last prime minister having emigrated to America wilhs view to amor independent career. Our ex lawyer, feeling the consumption of tarts to tie more imme diately certain than the demand for writs. promised, to his friend's amazement, for the vacant posr ; antt so welt illil lie nil ft, that iu a lew years he had saved enough of money to start again in his old protession. The piistryetHik and his friends becttme clients, aud he is at present a thriving attorney iu Lincoln s Inn, none the worse a lawyer for practical knowledge ol the !( til lei I bv . those oysters whose shells are the proverbial Heritage ol Ins patrons. A still more singular resourln was thai of young gentleman, of no particular peoles siou, who, having disposed somehow or other in unprofitable speculations of w very moderate inheritance, found himself what is technically termed "on bis beaux-ends '" so much so, indeed, that his comiition grad nally cam to verge on positive (Icititotion ; auii ue CUll disconsolately in a little garret .me morning, quite at as wits' end lor the means of coiit riving what Goethe facetiously culled nhe delightful habit of existing.' t urning over hi seanty remains of clothes and other poaseaaions, in tb vain hope of lighting QiKin something ol ttuukeuble caaxracassr,- he secMeoly. took tip sheet M card-board which in happier day he had siwiawu wans anvcuea wnien ke Was an ,lkcbi,a4. hfaiaataysstljf ktmti !. svwji. iiwru ; max wsa ptaia from th odd aroiit wafch irradiated bi feat urea. He d.awemle-1 the stairs tod atriow of hi fandlitty-t Jititr sltllliog t: Uf uwaRa, A etfle ami threavfcf mA a pair of scissors. Tlien he took out bi box of watet colorsandtset lo work. To design picture f Not a bit of it ; lo niaka dancing-dolU '. e. the man without a prolcseion had found a trade, lly the time it was dusk he nasi Made st-sm tfynm with mwaMwlejr and arms; one bore a rude resemblance to Nsioloon ; uiiolber, with scarcely j-xcusalile license, representixl the Pope; a third hel I the very devil up to ridicule; and a loiirth Ixire a hideous resemblance to the grim king of terrors himsell ! They were but rude productions as works of ataf; but there van a spirit and expression alxiut them that toyshops rarely exhibit. The ingenious manufacturer then sallied forth with his merchandise. Within an hour afterwards might have been seen driving a bai. gain with a vagrant dealer in "odd notions," as the Yankees would call them. It Is unnecessary fo pursue our artist through SM his ' litrihsfi-iar pro gross. Enough that he is now one ol the most success! u I theatrical matshiniats, and iu the piissession ot .i ii,, a house, mid a comfortable income. He.too, had prosix-cts, and he still has th, ni as far off as ever. Fortuuatelf lot him, tut, "praictetl" on hi own account, and found a "diggin." There is always somctuiug to be done if people will only set about finding it out, and the chauces are ever in favor ot" activity. Whatever brings a man in contact with his fellows may lead to fortune. Every day brings new opportunities to the social worker; and no man, if he has once serious ly considered the subject, need ever be at a I sis a to what to do in the meantime. Vo Iition is primitive niotinu, and where thera is a will thcTc Is a way. UKKKir fiNlTH .V Of ' IH1Y To TllR HOVTU-IKTTER J'O 771) OKI W STKYKXH. uu, 'Jhatttlcw$ StrrcH: Dkak Sin : You arc reported iu the New York Tritntu as havin-r recent ry snid mi f lit liiNir of Congress : It is now held by one of the most lilx-r.il and enlighten)' d gentlemen in the country ll mean Gerrit Smith 1 that we should even pay a portion of the damage inflicted on the rebels, and pay a ixirliou of the rel-el debt." Ol course you do not mean that this is literally so. My often repeated proposition is that tlie Government lend or give moneys to the South to help Iter to an up waru start iniui tue ucpuia t uer povcrtv and desolation. Uy what logic you were able to construct from the letter of this proposition; yonr figure ot speech, w for yove, not me, to explain. I am truly sorry that it is in your heart to hold up to ridicule my reasonable proposition. You arc, too old and too intellectual to be making such con cessions to passion and prejudice. There are -two reaaoos why the Nortfe ahe-uld be glad to belp tb South. First, the South is poor very poor, and the North la rich very rich. Second, tlie North ia largely respon. sible lor the poverty of the South. Our la thers united with the father ot the South ia making this land ot (lave ; and in our own day the North ha gone with the South in upholding and extending slavery. Until the breaking out of this war everr Congress was for slavery. Tb repeal of the Missou ri Compromise wa th work of the North as well as of the South. . So, too, was the enactment of that internal Fugitive Slave act, which even the good Abraham Liucoln was compelled by the pro-slavery seufiiuent ol tlie North, as well as of the South, to en lore so rigorously, With comparatively few exceptions, our northern colleges, then logical seminaries, and potitkaJ : and religs -iou parties, were on the aide ol slavery. The commerce of the North was emphati cally in th Interest of slavery. In the light of such fact it surely cannot be denied that the North made herseil largely tusponslble- for-- Aineihau ahrmy But the war csmeol slavery; and the xiv erty and desolation of the South came of the war and lHio,-liHi ssvuse degree that the North w us responsible for avavrry is she resHnsible for the war arid for its r unions results to the South You, call wy , sympMthjE, il&,.a3e SuuUi,,. and my deaire lo have the North belp hel, "sickly humanity." I call H. simple hon esty. It niy neighbor and 1 join in getting each olher drunk, nd he la bis frenzy goes; to teaming down my bouse, and I, m sell deli-nee, demolish Mis, I am not to dis own his claim upon my sympathy. I ant to let! that honesty requires me to belp him rebuild. I Would to Uot and wise as, at I God that Coflgm were so just . at this very suasion . to lend tilly millions of dollars, to the Confederate States to each of thenf aoi much ol it as would lw pinpnrtionatc to her population and Ui what the ha suffered (Tom the rav agea ot the war t The share falling to each Stale to lie distributed throughout her ter ritory in loans upon adequate security. This, by proving the lovo and pity ot the North tor her, would win the" Heart ot the South, and would thus produce a true anj lasting peace Iwtweea them. And then it would be worth to tlie' nation, il only in a financial point or view, many tim-aa fifty millions of dollar.- Gold would no- longer bear among us a premium of fot ty per cent., and our Government would no longer have to pay seven per cent., nor much more than half seven percent, interest on its loans. Very resptctfull yours, tiKRRtT Smith. P'Urlmv', July 13, 1867. Man. Lijik rnoji NonRo(,tTo LivERrmn sdcceedtxl In establishing between Norfolk and Liverpool "7 As I'hllM HUrtn Mail Lint t .iMrW," which, we presume, mHy ne regnrtiix an s neTtnincnt ' institiiilon Vi..' steamship Worcester, of the new lineVwill leave this 'hy for Liverpool, rftrvrt on the hiiii inaianx. : - In the tall, a steamer of tliis to,.. .. -.n leave Llverptxd for Norfolk, Oliecf, reiriilar ly every month. This ia CMtainlv most ei, W'uwging in the midat 4rf mux troulJe,- wlitch. we trust, time will goon remove The efforts of such men iu a struggling com' munily are incalculable ; and, indec upon thejn depend a city's progress and pr'ospei HJ-. Diliect . trade, ia wsaas'.iwetniiiHttiiei laet.,--Jimk.JhmmiXVW'":;'- RKUISTKATlnil ITHIS.- Keirislr,.li.... ;.. 8otsylvania county and Fredericksburi: s Inr give white majority 841. n oxanoro county tka waits majuritv ,s 588. ,'..j,jii-tj.' In Kocking"liaui counly: "wbirea, 2 Ml A hseks,stlt sad event! htnMjrerl Wliit,' v. i """" l to bo registered. Hiehmmd Ditpatek. ' ' J 2wfTtwiSorrtdM "-r-
The Raleigh Sentinel (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
July 24, 1867, edition 1
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